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《海森堡量子物理原理》是量子理论的一本经典著作,由量子力学的主要创始人沃纳·海森堡亲著,海森堡因创立量子力学获得了1932年诺贝尔物理学奖。书中阐述了量子理论的物理意义,着重于粒子图像和波动图像的等价,讨论了“测不准原理”(又称“海森堡不确定原理”)对统一这两种图像的意义和必要。书中有不少内容是海森堡独到的见解,是对哥本哈根学派的观点和思想作了完整论述,是这一学派的一本代表作,它对我们了解量子理论的发展历史很有参考价值。尽管现在量子物理已有了更深入的发展,但海森堡作为量子力学创始人在本书中所阐述的一些观点和内容,对我们加深对量子理论的理解仍有极高的价值。
FOREWORD BY ARTHUR H. PTonPREFACEINTRODUCTORYTheory and ExperimentThe Fundamental Concepts of Quantum Theorya) Wilson Photographsb) Diffraction of Matter Waves (Davisson and Germer, Thomson, Rupp)c) The Diffraction of X-Raysd) The Compton-Simon Experimente) The Collision Experiments of Franck and HertzCRITIQUE OF THE PHYSICAL ConCEPTS OF THE CORPUSCULAR THEORYThe Uncertainty RelationsIllustrations of the Uncertainty Relationsa) Determination of the Position of a Free Particleb) Measurement of the Velocity or Momentum of a Free Particlec) Bound Electronsd) Energy MeasurementsIII. CRITIQUE OF THE PHYSICAL ConCEPTS OF THE WAVE THEORYThe Uncertainty Relations for WavesDiscussion of an Actual Measurement of the Electromagic FieldTHE STATISTICAL INTERPRETATION OF QUANTUM THEORYMathematical ConsiderationsInterference of ProbabilitiesBohr's Concept of ComplementarityDISCUSSION OF importANT EXPERIMENTSThe C. T. R. Wilson ExperimentsDiffraction ExperimentsThe Experiment of Einstein and RuppEmission, Absorption, and Dispersion of Radiationa) Application of the Conservation Lawsb) Correspondence Principle and the Method of Virtual Chargesc) The Complete Treatment of Radiation and MatterInterference and the Conservation LawsThe Compton Effect and the Compton-Simon ExperimentRadiation Fluctuation PhenomenaRelativistic Formulation of the Quantum TheoryAPPENDIX: THE MATHEMATICAL APPARATUS OF THE QUANTUM THEORYThe Corpuscular Concept of MatterThe Transformation TheoryThe Schr?dinger EquationThe Perturbation MethodResonance between Two Atoms: the Physical Interpretation of the Transformation MatricesThe Corpuscular Concept for RadiationQuantum StatisticsThe Wave Concept for Matter and Radiation: Classical TheoryQuantum Theory of Wave FieldsApplication to Waves of Negative ChargeProof of the Mathematical Equivalence of the Quantum Theory of Particles and of WavesApplication to the Theory of RadiationINDEX
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